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The morphometrical and volumetrical changes of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) during the fetal period of development were analyzed by digital-image analysis system (DIAS). Examinations were performed on 304 MCAs from 152 brains of human fetuses ranging from the 12th to 40th weeks of gestation. MCAs were analyzed with respect to its branching from the internal carotid artery and its division into...
The present study investigated influence of housing conditions on motor functions recovery and exploratory behavior following ouabain focal brain lesion in the rat. During 30 days post-surgery period rats were housed individually in standard cages (IS) or in groups in enriched environment (EE) and behaviorally tested. The EE lesioned rats showed enhanced recovery from motor impairments in walking...
Taking tissue engineering applications into clinical trials requires the development of efficient and safe protocols incorporated with effective 3-dimentional cell culturing and differentiation systems in order to develop transplantable tissues that may offer a life-line for patients in the future. Cord blood, which is perhaps the most abundant world stem cell source, has shown previously practical...
Tottering mouse is an ataxic mutant that carries a mutation in a gene encoding for the α1A subunit of P/Q-type Ca2+ channel (Cav2.1). This study revisited to examine whether a Purkinje cell loss occurred in the cerebellum of tottering mice. In tottering mice, Calbindin D-28k negative gaps were apparent in the vermis but not in the hemisphere. Calbindin D-28k immunofluorescence with DAPI staining demonstrated...
Stroke is the third leading cause of death in Western countries and more importantly a leading cause of adult disability. The recovery process of stroke patients might be enhanced by intensive rehabilitation, which acts through brain plasticity mechanisms. Restorative approaches such as cell-based therapies are clinically appealing as it might be possible to help patients even when treatment is initiated...
Accumulating evidence indicates that cerebral ischemia enhances neurogenesis in the adult brain. The mechanisms responsible for stem-cell development are poorly understood. Recent in vitro studies indicate the involvement of metalloproteinase (MMPs) in the regulation of proliferation and differentiation of neural progenitor cells. To elucidate if MMPs participate in neurogenesis-associated processes...
The effect of stimuli predicting danger (DS) and safety (SS) in Pavlovian aversive conditioning on hippocampal local field potentials (LFP) was studied in 25 partially restrained adult male rats (Long-Evans). DS lasting 5 s preceded tail-shock, while SS overlapping DS during DS last 3 s predicted omission of shock. The power spectra of LFPs during trials were analyzed in theta and delta frequency...
This study tested whether a general increase in emotional arousal is a sufficient determinant for the evocation of the N150, a negative wave in amygdalar Auditory Evoked Potentials (AEPs). Rats received one of three conditioning protocols: either conditioned stimulus (CS) presentations alone (Control), CS-shock pairings (Paired), or unpaired presentations of the CS and shock (Unpaired). Amygdalar...
Last December the Nencki Institute celebrated its 90th anniversary. Among others, Prof. Barbara Kudrycka, Polish Minister of Science and Higher Education, Vice-Minister Prof. Jerzy Duszyński (former Director of the Nencki Institute), Prof. Michał Kleiber, President of the Polish Academy of Sciences and Prof. Maciej Nałęcz, Director of the UNESCO Department of Basic and Engineering Sciences (also former...
The finding of stem/progenitor cells in postnatal bone marrow and umbilical cord blood, opens up a possibility of using stem cells to treat neurologic diseases. There is a controversy, whether intravenously administered human umbilical cord blood cells (HUCBC) migrate to the brain, differentiate and improve recovery after ischemia. In this study, 13 ×106 cells from non-cultured (non-committed) mononuclear...
Bio-functionalized surfaces were prepared to study the adherence and differentiation capacity of neural stem cells derived from human umbilical cord blood (HUCB-NSC). Cell growth platforms containing arranged arrays of adhesive molecules were created by microcontact printing on a biologically inert surface. Biomolecules used to prepare microarray platforms included the extracellular matrix protein...
The aim of this study was to use the hydrolysate of pig spinal cord proteins to induce oral tolerance in the animal model of sclerosis multiplex experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. The female Lewis rats were fed with hydrolysate of pig spinal cord proteins in two doses for one week before immunization, which was induced by injection of guinea pig spinal cord homogenate. At the peak of clinical...
Oligodendrocytes, the cells responsible for myelin formation and maintenance in CNS, are depleted in many acute and chronic conditions. The stem/progenitor cells stimulation or transplantation might be seriously considered as a long hopedfor therapeutic perspective. Better understanding of the mechanism(s) regulating the activation of the cell lineage from the endogenous progenitor reservoir might...
Techniques as well as substances capable of stimulating cultured Schwann cell (SC) proliferation are needed for future therapeutical applications. In this work, the effects of interferon beta (IFNbeta) and glatiramer acetate (GA) on SC cultures were tested, with interest on the growth curve and potential proliferative effects. Primary cultures were prepared from the sciatic nerves of neonatal rats...
Multidrug therapies became routine approach in modern medical treatment protocols. However, simple combinations of drugs have disadvantages, including differences in pharmacological profi les of single drug component. Therefore, over twenty years ago we have proposed development of multitarget medicines as a new avenue of drug discovery. Identifi cation of numerous endogenous components that participate...
Previous in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrated neuroprotective potential of pretreatment with 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol). The aim of present study was to determine effectiveness of calcitriol administered in vivo after brain ischemic episode in the rat model of perinatal asphyxia, or co-applied with some delay during 24 h exposure to glutamate of the mice hippocampal, cortical and...
Paraoxonase (PON) protects low-density lipoproteins from oxidation. Gln192Arg genotype of PON was identifi ed as a risk factor for stroke. The aim of our study was to evaluate the activity of the esterase and concentration of conjugated dienes (CD) in the early phase of stroke and its clinical signifi cance. Material and methods: The PON activity and conjugated dienes (CD) concentrations were analyzed...
Neurodegenerative lesions in cholinergic encephalopathies include an excessive activation of microglia, which may aggravate this process. Infl amatory cytokines were reported to affect viability of cultured cholinergic cells, through the infl uence on their acetyl-CoA metabolism. The aim of this work was to investigate whether phenotypic modifi cations of N9 microglia by common neuron-differentiating...
The genetic basis of epilepsy has been substantiated by numerous examples of familial forms of epileptic syndromes. Among these, autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (ADNFLE) and idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) can be mentioned. Most previous studies of epilepsy genetics have implicated ion channel genes. Other studies have noted an increased frequency of the c.677C>T MTHFR...
A contribution of B cells and autoantibodies has been demonstrated in MS leading to interest in the use of such autoantibodies as diagnostic or prognostic markers and as a basis for immunomodulatory therapy. ELISA and Western blotting fail to detect reactivity against epitopes displayed by native antigens expressed on myelin sheats. We describe a cell-based assay that specifi cally identifi es serum...
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